Kachilombo ka COVID-19 kudadziwika koyamba ku China mu Disembala 2019, ngakhale kukula kwa vutoli kudawonekera patchuthi cha Chaka Chatsopano cha China kumapeto kwa Januware.Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo dziko likuyang'ana ndi nkhawa yowonjezereka pamene kachilombo kakufalikira.Posachedwapa, chidwi cha chidwi chachoka ku China ndipo pali nkhawa yochulukirapo pakukula kwa matenda ku Europe, United States ndi madera ena a Middle East.

Komabe, pakhala nkhani zolimbikitsa zochokera ku China popeza kuchuluka kwa milandu yatsopano kwatsika kwambiri mpaka aboma atsegula madera ambiri a Hubei omwe mpaka pano atsekeredwa ndipo akukonzekera kutsegulira mzindawu. ku Wuhan pa Epulo 8.Atsogoleri abizinesi apadziko lonse lapansi azindikira kuti China ili pamlingo wosiyana ndi mliri wa COVID-19 poyerekeza ndi mayiko ena ambiri azachuma.Izi zawonetsedwa posachedwa ndi izi:

• 19 Marichi linali tsiku loyamba chiyambireni vuto lomwe China idanenanso kuti palibe matenda atsopano, kupatula milandu yokhudza anthu omwe abwera kuchokera kumizinda yakunja kwa PRC ndipo ngakhale pakhala pali milandu yambiri yodwala, ziwerengero zidakali zotsika.
• Apple idalengeza pa Marichi 13 kuti ikutseka masitolo ake onse padziko lonse lapansi kwakanthawi kupatula omwe ali ku China wamkulu - izi zidatsatiridwa patatha masiku angapo ndi wopanga chidole LEGO kulengezanso kuti atseka masitolo ake onse padziko lonse lapansi kupatula omwe ali mu PRC.
• Disney yatseka mapaki ake aku United States ndi Europe koma akutsegulanso paki yake ku Shanghai ngati gawo la "kutsegulanso kwapang'onopang'ono.”

Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, bungwe la WHO lidayendera zomwe zikuchitika ku China kuphatikiza ku Wuhan ndi Dr. Gauden Galea, nthumwi yake kumeneko, adati COVID-19 "ndi mliri womwe udathetsedwa pomwe udali kukula ndikuyima m'njira zake.Izi zikuwonekera bwino kuchokera pazomwe tili nazo komanso zomwe tikuwona pagulu lonse (UN News yolembedwa Loweruka 14 Marichi) ”.

Anthu amalonda padziko lonse lapansi amangodziwa bwino kuti kasamalidwe ka kachilombo ka COVID-19 ndizovuta.Zida zambiri zosuntha ziyenera kuganiziridwa pokonzekera zomwe zingachitike komanso mwayi womwe ungakhalepo wochepetsera kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kufalikira kwake.Potengera zomwe zachitika posachedwa ku China, ambiri mwamabizinesi (makamaka omwe ali ndi zokonda ku China) akufuna kuphunzira zambiri zaku China.

Mwachiwonekere sizinthu zonse zomwe China zidzatengedwe kukhala zoyenera kumayiko ena ndipo mikhalidwe ndi zinthu zingapo zidzakhudza njira yomwe ingakonde.Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa zina mwazinthu zomwe zatengedwa mu PRC.

Kuyankha MwadzidzidziLamulo

• Dziko la China linakhazikitsa njira yochenjezeratu zochitika mwadzidzidzi pansi pa PRC Emergency Response Law, kulola maboma ang'onoang'ono kuti apereke machenjezo adzidzidzi kuphatikizapo kuperekedwa kwa mayendedwe ndi malamulo omwe akutsata.

• Maboma onse azigawo adapereka mayankho a Level-1 kumapeto kwa Januware (gawo loyamba likukhala lapamwamba kwambiri mwa magawo anayi adzidzidzi omwe alipo), zomwe zidapereka zifukwa zamalamulo kuti achitepo kanthu mwachangu monga kutseka, kapena kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito malo omwe angathe kukhudzidwa ndi vuto la COVID-19 (kuphatikiza kutsekedwa kwa malo odyera kapena zofunika kuti mabizinesi oterowo azipereka zotumizira kapena zotengerako katundu kokha);kuwongolera kapena kuchepetsa zochitika zomwe zingayambitse kufalikira kwa kachilomboka (kutsekedwa kwa malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kuletsa misonkhano yayikulu ndi misonkhano);kulamula magulu opulumutsa anthu mwadzidzidzi ndi ogwira ntchito kuti apezeke ndikugawa zothandizira ndi zipangizo.
• Mizinda ngati Shanghai ndi Beijing yaperekanso malangizo okhudza kuyambiranso bizinesi ndi maofesi ndi mafakitale.Mwachitsanzo, Beijing ikupitilizabe kufuna kugwira ntchito zakutali, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa anthu pantchito komanso zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zikweza ndi zikwepe.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti zofunikirazi zakhala zikuwunikiridwa kaŵirikaŵiri, ndi kulimbikitsidwa pamene zikufunika komanso zimachepetsedwa pang’onopang’ono pamene kusintha kwa zinthu kumaloledwa.Beijing ndi Shanghai onse awona mashopu ambiri, malo ogulitsira ndi malo odyera akutsegulidwanso ndipo ku Shanghai ndi mizinda ina, malo osangalalira ndi malo opumira atsegulidwanso, ngakhale onse akutsatiridwa ndi malamulo okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, monga zoletsa kuchuluka kwa alendo omwe amaloledwa kulowa mnyumba zosungiramo zinthu zakale.

Kuletsa Bizinesi ndi Makampani

Akuluakulu aku China adatseka Wuhan pa 23 Januware ndipo pambuyo pake pafupifupi mizinda ina yonse m'chigawo cha Hubei.Munthawi yotsatira Chaka Chatsopano cha China, iwo:

• Kukulitsa Tchuthi Cha Chaka Chatsopano cha China m'dziko lonselo mpaka 2 February, komanso m'mizinda ina, kuphatikiza Shanghai, mpaka pa 9 February, kuletsa anthu kubwerera kumizinda yayikulu pamabasi, masitima apamtunda ndi ndege.Ichi chinali mwina sitepe chitukuko chakukhala patali patali ndi anthu ena.
• Akuluakulu aku China adakhazikitsa mwachangu zofunikira zokhudzana ndi kubwerera kuntchito, kulimbikitsa anthu kuti azigwira ntchito kutali ndikupempha anthu kuti azikhala kwaokha kwa masiku 14 (izi zinali zovomerezeka ku Shanghai koma, poyambirira, malingaliro okha ku Beijing kupatula aliyense amene adapita ku Hubei Province).
• Malo osiyanasiyana opezeka anthu ambiri kuphatikiza malo osungiramo zinthu zakale ndi mabizinesi osiyanasiyana osangalatsa monga malo owonera makanema, zokopa zosangalatsa adatsekedwa kumapeto kwa Januware, kumayambiriro kwa tchuthi, ngakhale ena adaloledwa kutsegulidwanso popeza zinthu zasintha.
• Anthu amayenera kuvala zigoba m'malo onse opezeka anthu ambiri kuphatikiza masitima apamtunda, ma eyapoti, malo ogulitsira komanso nyumba zamaofesi.

Zoletsa pa Kuyenda

• M'mbuyomu, zoletsa kuyenda zidakhazikitsidwa ku Wuhan komanso m'chigawo chachikulu cha Hubei, zomwe zimafuna kuti anthu azikhala kunyumba.Ndondomekoyi idakulitsidwa kumadera aku China kwakanthawi, ngakhale zoletsa zambiri zotere, kupatula za ku Wuhan, zachepetsedwa kapena kuchotsedwa kwathunthu.
• Panalinso zochitika zoyambilira zokhudzana ndi mayendedwe pakati pa mizinda (ndipo nthawi zina, pakati pa matauni ndi midzi) pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti madera omwe ali ndi kachilomboka akukhala kwaokha ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwa kachilomboka.
• Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti ngakhale Wuhan wavutika kwambiri, chiwerengero chonse cha milandu yomwe yadziwika ku Beijing ndi Shanghai (mizinda yonse yomwe ili ndi anthu opitilira 20 miliyoni) idangokhala 583 ndi 526 motsatana, kuyambira pa 3 Epulo, ndi zatsopano zaposachedwa. matenda omwe atsala pang'ono kuthetsedwa kupatula anthu ochepa omwe akuchokera kutsidya kwa nyanja (otchedwa matenda obwera kunja).

Kuyang'anira Matenda Opatsirana ndi Kupewa Matenda Opatsirana

• Akuluakulu a boma ku Shanghai adakhazikitsa dongosolo lofuna kuti oyang'anira nyumba zonse aziyang'ana mayendedwe aposachedwa a ogwira nawo ntchito ndikupempha chivomerezo kwa aliyense amene akufuna kulowa.
• Oyang'anira nyumba zamaofesi amayeneranso kuyang'ana kutentha kwa thupi la ogwira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo njirazi zidapitirizidwa mwachangu ku mahotela, mashopu akulu ndi malo ena onse - makamaka, macheke awa adakhudzanso kupereka malipoti ndi kuwulula (aliyense wolowa mnyumbayo amayenera perekani dzina lake ndi nambala yafoni monga gawo la ndondomeko yowunikira kutentha).
• Maboma akuzigawo kuphatikiza Beijing ndi Shanghai adapereka ulamulilo ku makhonsolo am'deralo, omwe adachitapo kanthu kuti akhazikitse njira zokhazikitsira anthu m'nyumba zogona.
• Pafupifupi mizinda yonse yalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito “thanzi kodi” (yosonyezedwa pa mafoni a m’manja) yopangidwa mwa kugwiritsira ntchito umisiri waukulu wa data (wolingaliridwa kuti ugwiritse ntchito chidziŵitso chosonkhanitsidwa kuchokera m’makina a matikiti a njanji ndi ndege, machitidwe a zipatala, njira zowonera kutentha kwa maofesi ndi fakitale, limodzinso ndi magwero ena).Anthu amapatsidwa kachidindo, ndi omwe apezeka kuti akudwala kapena omwe ali pachiwopsezo kumadera omwe amadziwika kuti akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kachilomboka amalandira nambala yofiyira kapena yachikasu (kutengera malamulo akumaloko), pomwe ena omwe samawonedwa kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu amalandila yobiriwira. .Khodi yobiriwira tsopano ikufunika ndi kayendedwe ka anthu onse, malo odyera ndi masitolo akuluakulu ngati njira yolowera.China tsopano ikuyesera kupanga dziko lonse "thanzi kodi” dongosolo kotero kuti simuyenera kufunsira code ya mzinda uliwonse.
• Ku Wuhan, pafupifupi banja lililonse lidachezeredwa kuti adziwe ndikudzipatula matenda ndipo ku Beijing ndi Shanghai ofesi ndi oyang'anira fakitale agwira ntchito limodzi ndi akuluakulu aboma, kunena za kutentha kwa ogwira ntchito komanso omwe adapezeka kuti akudwala.

Kuwongolera Kubwezeretsa

China yakhazikitsa njira zingapo zomwe zaphatikiza izi: -

• Kukhala kwaokha - pomwe chiwerengero cha matenda chikuchepa, China yakhazikitsa malamulo okhwima okhazikika omwe alepheretsa anthu kuti asalowe kunja kwa China ndipo apangitsa kuti anthu azikhala kwaokha, posachedwapa kwa masiku 14 mokakamizidwa ku hotelo / malo aboma.
• China ikufuna malamulo okhwima okhudzana ndi malipoti azaumoyo komanso ukhondo.Onse ogwira ntchito yomanga maofesi ku Beijing akuyenera kusaina makalata ena ovomereza kutsatira malangizo a boma ndikugwira ntchito limodzi ndi makampani oyang'anira ofesi, komanso kupempha ogwira ntchito awo kuti alembe makalata mokomera boma okhudza kutsatira malamulo ndi zina. zofunikira zochitira lipoti, limodzinso ndi pangano loletsa kufalitsa “zabodza” (zosonyeza nkhaŵa yofanana ndi imene m’maiko ena imatchedwa nkhani zabodza).
• China idakhazikitsa njira zingapo zomwe zimapanga kusamvana, mwachitsanzo kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe angagwiritse ntchito malo odyera komanso makamaka kuwongolera mtunda pakati pa anthu ndi pakati pa matebulo.Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito ku maofesi ndi mabizinesi ena m'mizinda yambiri. Olemba ntchito aku Beijing alamulidwa kuti alole 50% yokha ya ogwira nawo ntchito kuti azipita kumalo awo antchito, ndipo ena onse akuyenera kugwira ntchito kutali.
• Ngakhale China yayamba kuchepetsa ziletso pa malo osungiramo zinthu zakale ndi malo opezeka anthu ambiri, malamulo adakhazikitsidwa kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amavomerezedwa komanso kuti anthu azivala masks kuti achepetse chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka.Akuti zokopa zina zamkati zalamulidwa kuti zitsekenso zitatsegulanso.
• Dziko la China lapereka udindo waukulu wokhudza kukhazikitsidwa kwa makhonsolo am'deralo kuti awonetsetse kuti zisankho zachitika m'deralo komanso kuti makhonsolo agwire ntchito limodzi ndi makampani oyang'anira nyumba zonse zamaofesi ndi nyumba zogona kuti awonetsetse kuti malamulo akutsatiridwa.

Kupita Patsogolo

Kuphatikiza pa zomwe tafotokozazi, dziko la China lanena zambiri zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuthandiza mabizinesi kuti apulumuke munthawi yovutayi ndikukhazikitsa bata ndi malonda akunja.

• China ikutenga njira zingapo zothandizira kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwakukulu kwa COVID-19 pamabizinesi, kuphatikiza kupempha eni nyumba aboma kuti achepetse kapena kusamalipira lendi komanso kulimbikitsa eni nyumba kuti achitenso chimodzimodzi.
• Njira zakhazikitsidwa zochotsera ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe olemba ntchito amalipira inshuwaransi, kumasula VAT kwa okhometsa misonkho ang'onoang'ono omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri, kukulitsa nthawi yopitilira mu 2020 ndikuchedwetsa masiku olipira msonkho ndi inshuwaransi.
• Pakhala zonena zaposachedwa kuchokera ku State Council, MOFCOM (Ministry of Commerce) ndi NDRC (National Development and Reform Commission) zokhudzana ndi cholinga cha China chopanga ndalama zakunja kukhala zosavuta (zikuyembekezeka kuti magawo azachuma ndi magalimoto makamaka apindule. kuchokera ku zosangalatsa izi).
• China yakhala ikusintha malamulo ake azachuma akunja kwakanthawi.Ngakhale kuti ndondomekoyi yakhazikitsidwa, malamulo owonjezereka a momwe boma latsopanoli lidzagwirira ntchito akuyembekezeredwa.
• China yagogomezera cholinga chake chothetsa kusiyana pakati pa makampani ogulitsa ndalama zakunja ndi makampani apakhomo ndikuwonetsetsa chilungamo ndi kusamalidwa kofanana pamsika waku China.
• Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, China yatenga njira yosinthika pazoletsa zosiyanasiyana zomwe idakhazikitsa malo okhala anthu.Pamene ikutsegula Hubei, pakhala pali chidwi chatsopano pakufunika kosamala za zoopsa zomwe zimachitika ndi odwala asymptomatic.Ikupanga kuyesetsa kwatsopano kuti ifufuze za ngozizi ndipo akuluakulu anena mawu ochenjeza anthu ku Wuhan ndi kwina kuti apitirizebe kusamala.