Virusi ya COVID-19 yamenyekanye bwa mbere mu Bushinwa mu Kuboza 2019, nubwo igipimo cy’iki kibazo cyagaragaye gusa mu biruhuko by’umwaka mushya mu Bushinwa mu mpera za Mutarama.Kuva icyo gihe isi yarebaga impungenge nyinshi uko virusi ikwirakwira.Vuba aha, intumbero yibandwaho yavuye mu Bushinwa kandi hagenda hagaragara impungenge z’uko ubwandu bwanduye mu Burayi, Amerika ndetse no mu burasirazuba bwo hagati.

Habayeho ariko gutera inkunga amakuru aturuka mu Bushinwa kuko umubare w'imanza nshya wagabanutse cyane ku buryo abayobozi bafunguye uduce twinshi two mu ntara ya Hubei kugeza ubu bakaba bafunzwe kandi bateganya gufungura umujyi cyane ya Wuhan ku ya 8 Mata.Abayobozi mpuzamahanga mu bucuruzi baremera ko Ubushinwa buri mu cyiciro gitandukanye n’icyorezo cya COVID-19 ugereranije n’ubukungu bwinshi bukomeye.Ibi biherutse kugaragazwa n'ibi bikurikira:

• Ku ya 19 Werurwe wari umunsi wa mbere kuva ikibazo cyatangira ko Ubushinwa bwatangaje ko nta ndwara zanduye na busa, usibye imanza zireba abantu baturutse mu mijyi yo hanze ya PRC kandi nubwo hakomeje kugaragara ko hari indwara zanduye, umubare ukomeje kuba muke.
• Isosiyete ya Apple yatangaje ku ya 13 Werurwe ko ifunga amaduka yayo yose ku isi by'agateganyo usibye ayo mu Bushinwa bunini - ibi byakurikijwe nyuma y'iminsi mike n'umukora ibikinisho LEGO atangaza ko azafunga amaduka yayo yose ku isi uretse ayo muri PRC.
• Disney yafunze parike y’insanganyamatsiko muri Amerika no mu Burayi ariko irakingura igice cyayo muri Shanghai mu rwego rwa “gufungura icyiciro.”

Mu ntangiriro za Werurwe, OMS yagenzuye iterambere mu Bushinwa harimo na Wuhan na Dr. Gauden Galea, uyihagarariye aho, bavuze ko COVID-19 “ni icyorezo cyafashwe uko cyakuraga kigahagarara mu nzira zacyo.Ibi biragaragara neza mu makuru dufite kimwe n'ibyo twabonye dushobora kubona muri sosiyete muri rusange (Amakuru ya Loni yavuzwe ku wa gatandatu 14 Werurwe) ”.

Abacuruzi kwisi yose bazi neza ko gucunga virusi ya COVID-19 bigoye.Ibice byinshi byimuka bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe uteganya ingaruka zishobora kubaho n'amahirwe ahari yo kugabanya ibyangiritse bikwirakwizwa.Urebye ibyagezweho mu Bushinwa, benshi mu bucuruzi (cyane cyane abafite inyungu mu Bushinwa) bifuza kumenya byinshi ku bunararibonye bw'Ubushinwa.

Ikigaragara ni uko ingamba zose zafashwe n'Ubushinwa zitazakwira mu bindi bihugu kandi ibihe kandi ibintu byinshi bizagira ingaruka ku buryo bwatoranijwe.Ibikurikira birerekana zimwe mu ngamba zafashwe muri PRC.

Ibisubizo byihutirwaAmategeko

• Ubushinwa bwashyizeho uburyo bwihutirwa bwo kuburira hakiri kare hakurikijwe itegeko ryihutirwa rya PRC, ryemerera inzego z’ibanze gutanga imiburo yihutirwa harimo no gutanga amabwiriza n'amabwiriza yihariye.

• Intara zose zintara zatanze ibisubizo-Urwego-1 mu mpera za Mutarama (urwego rwa mbere nirwo hejuru mu nzego enye zihutirwa zihari), rwabahaye impamvu zemewe n'amategeko zo gufata ingamba zihutirwa nko gufunga, cyangwa kubuza gukoresha ahantu hashobora kuba guhura nibibazo bya COVID-19 (harimo no gufunga resitora cyangwa ibisabwa ko imishinga nkiyi itanga serivise cyangwa itwara gusa);kugenzura cyangwa kugabanya ibikorwa bishobora gutera virusi ikwirakwizwa (gufunga siporo no guhagarika inama ninama nini);gutegeka itsinda ryabatabazi byihutirwa nabakozi kuboneka no gutanga ibikoresho nibikoresho.
• Imijyi nka Shanghai na Beijing nayo yatanze amabwiriza ajyanye no gusubukura ubucuruzi n'ibiro n'inganda.Kurugero, Pekin ikomeje gusaba gukora kure, kugena ubucucike bwabantu mukazi no kubuza gukoresha lift na lift.

Twabibutsa ko ibyo bisabwa byagiye bisubirwamo kenshi, kandi bigashimangirwa mugihe bikenewe ariko nanone byoroha buhoro buhoro aho iterambere ryibihe byemewe.Pekin na Shanghai byombi byabonye amaduka menshi, amaduka na resitora byongeye gufungura ndetse no muri Shanghai no mu yindi mijyi, imyidagaduro n’imyidagaduro nayo yongeye gufungura, nubwo byose bigengwa n’amategeko agenga imibereho, nko kubuza umubare w’abashyitsi bemerewe kwinjira mu nzu ndangamurage.

Guhagarika Ubucuruzi n'inganda

Ku ya 23 Mutarama, abategetsi b'Abashinwa bafunze Wuhan nyuma y’indi mijyi hafi ya yose yo mu Ntara ya Hubei.Mu gihe gikurikira umwaka mushya w'Ubushinwa, bo:

• Yongereye ibiruhuko by’umwaka mushya mu Bushinwa mu gihugu hose kugeza ku ya 2 Gashyantare, no mu mijyi imwe n'imwe, harimo na Shanghai, kugeza ku ya 9 Gashyantare, kugira ngo abaturage basubira mu mijyi minini kuri bisi, gari ya moshi n'indege.Iyi ishobora kuba yari intambwe mu iterambere ryaintera mbonezamubano.
• Abategetsi b'Abashinwa bahise bashiraho ibisabwa bijyanye na gahunda yo gusubira ku kazi, bashishikariza abantu gukorera kure kandi basaba abantu kwikorera akato mu gihe cy'iminsi 14 (ibi byari itegeko muri Shanghai ariko, mu ikubitiro, icyifuzo gusa i Beijing gikiza ku bijyanye n'umuntu uwo ari we wese yari yagiye mu Ntara ya Hubei).
• Ahantu henshi hahurira abantu benshi harimo ingoro ndangamurage n’ubucuruzi butandukanye bw’imyidagaduro nka sinema, ahantu nyaburanga hishimisha hafunzwe mu mpera za Mutarama, mu ntangiriro z’ikiruhuko, nubwo hari abemerewe gufungura uko ibintu bimeze neza.
• Abantu basabwaga kwambara masike ahantu hose hahurira abantu benshi harimo na gari ya moshi zo munsi y'ubutaka, ibibuga byindege, ahacururizwa no mu biro.

Inzitizi ku Kwimuka

• Mbere na mbere, hashyizweho amategeko abuza kugenda muri Wuhan no mu Ntara nyinshi za Hubei, cyane cyane bisaba ko abantu baguma mu rugo.Iyi politiki yageze no mu turere two mu Bushinwa mu gihe runaka, nubwo byinshi bibujijwe, usibye abo muri Wuhan, byoroheje cyangwa bivanwaho burundu.
• Habayeho kandi hakiri kare ibijyanye no guhuza ubwikorezi hagati yimijyi (kandi rimwe na rimwe, hagati yimijyi nimidugudu) bigamije kureba niba uduce twanduye twitaruye no kugabanya ikwirakwizwa rya virusi.
• Ikigaragara ni uko twakagombye kumenya ko nubwo Wuhan yababajwe cyane, umubare w’abantu bagaragaye i Beijing na Shanghai (imijyi yombi ituwe n’abaturage barenga miliyoni 20 buri umwe) ni 583 na 526 gusa, guhera ku ya 3 Mata, hamwe n’abandi bashya kwandura bimaze gukurwaho usibye umubare muto wabantu baturuka mumahanga (ibyo bita infection itumizwa hanze).

Gukurikirana Abanduye no Kurinda Kwandura

• Abayobozi ba Shanghai bashyizeho uburyo busaba ubuyobozi bw’inyubako zose kugenzura imikorere y’abakozi baherutse no gusaba kwemererwa kuri buri muntu wifuza kwinjira.
• Ubuyobozi bw'inyubako z'ibiro nabwo bwasabwaga kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'umubiri bw'abakozi buri munsi kandi ubwo buryo bwagiye bwiyongera ku mahoteri, amaduka manini n'ahandi hantu hahurira abantu benshi - ku buryo bugaragara, iri genzura ryarimo gutanga raporo no gutangaza (umuntu wese winjiye mu nyubako asabwa tanga izina rye na numero ya terefone murwego rwo gukurikirana ubushyuhe).
• Guverinoma z'Intara zirimo Beijing na Shanghai zahaye ububasha inama njyanama z’abaturanyi, zafashe ingamba zo gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda z’akato mu nyubako.
• Imijyi hafi ya yose yazamuye ikoreshwa rya “amategeko yubuzima.Umuntu ku giti cye ahabwa kode, hamwe n’abasanze barwaye cyangwa bahuye n’uturere tuzwiho kwibasirwa cyane na virusi yakira code itukura cyangwa umuhondo (bitewe n’amategeko y’ibanze), mu gihe abandi badafatwa nk’impanuka nyinshi bahabwa icyatsi kibisi. .Icyatsi kibisi ubu kirasabwa na sisitemu yo gutwara abantu, resitora na supermarket nkinzira yinjira.Ubu Ubushinwa buragerageza kubaka igihugu cyose “amategeko yubuzima”Sisitemu kugirango udakenera gusaba kode kuri buri mujyi.
• I Wuhan, ingo hafi ya zose zasuwe hagamijwe kumenya no gutandukanya indwara kandi mu mujyi wa Beijing na Shanghai ndetse n’ubuyobozi bw’uruganda bakoranye cyane n’inzego z’ibanze, batangaza ubushyuhe bw’abakozi ndetse n’irangamuntu y’abasanze barwaye.

Gucunga Ububyutse

Ubushinwa bwashyize mu bikorwa ingamba zitandukanye zirimo ibi bikurikira: -

• Karantine - kubera ko umubare w’ubwandu wagabanutse, Ubushinwa bwashyizeho amategeko akomeye y’akato yabujije abantu kwinjira mu mahanga kwinjira mu Bushinwa kandi bigatuma abantu bagenerwa akato, vuba aha hakaba hashyizweho akato k’iminsi 14 muri hoteri / ikigo cya leta.
• Ubushinwa bwasabye amategeko akomeye mu bijyanye na raporo z’ubuzima n’isuku.Abapangayi bose bakodesha ibiro i Beijing bakeneye gushyira umukono ku mabaruwa amwe yemera gukurikiza amabwiriza ya guverinoma no gukorana bya hafi n’amasosiyete acunga ibiro, kandi bagasaba abakozi babo kwandika amabaruwa yiyemeje kugira ngo leta yubahirize amategeko na bamwe. ibisabwa byo gutanga raporo, kimwe n'amasezerano yo gukwirakwiza “amakuru y'ibinyoma” (byerekana impungenge zisa n'izo mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bita amakuru y'ibinyoma).
• Ubushinwa bwashyize mu bikorwa ingamba zitandukanye zigizwe n’imibereho, urugero nko kugabanya umubare w’abantu bashobora gukoresha resitora cyane cyane ugena intera iri hagati y’abantu n’ameza.Ingamba nkizo zireba ibiro nubundi bucuruzi mumijyi myinshi. Abakoresha ba Beijing basabwe kwemerera 50% gusa kubakozi babo kwitabira aho bakorera, hamwe nabandi bose basabwa gukorera kure.
• N'ubwo Ubushinwa bwatangiye koroshya imipaka ku ngoro ndangamurage n’ahantu hahurira abantu benshi, hashyizweho amategeko ariko agabanya umubare w’abantu bemerewe kandi bagasaba abantu kwambara masike kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago byo kwandura virusi.Bivugwa ko bimwe mu bikurura amazu byategetswe kongera gufunga nyuma yo gufungura.
• Ubushinwa bwahaye inshingano nyinshi zo gushyira mu bikorwa inama z’abaturanyi kugira ngo harebwe niba ingamba z’inzego z’ibanze n’indorerezi zikorwa kandi ko inama zikorana n’amasosiyete y’ubuyobozi ku bijyanye n’inyubako z’ibiro ndetse n’inyubako zo guturamo kugira ngo amategeko yubahirizwe.

Kujya imbere

Usibye ibimaze kuvugwa haruguru, Ubushinwa bwatangaje amagambo menshi agamije gufasha ubucuruzi kubaho muri iki gihe kitoroshye no guhagarika ubucuruzi n’ishoramari ry’amahanga.

• Ubushinwa bufata ingamba zinyuranye zo gushyigikira koroshya ingaruka nyinshi za COVID-19 ku bucuruzi, harimo no gusaba ba nyir'inzu kugabanya cyangwa gusonerwa ubukode no gushishikariza ba nyir'inzu kubikora.
• Hafashwe ingamba zo gusonera no kugabanya imisanzu y’ubwiteganyirize bw’abakoresha, hasonewe umusoro ku nyongeragaciro ku basoreshwa bato bato bagize ingaruka zikomeye, kongerera igihe ntarengwa cyo gutakaza igihombo muri 2020 no gutinza amatariki yo kwishyura imisoro n’ubwiteganyirize.
• Hari amakuru aherutse gutangazwa n’inama y’igihugu, MOFCOM (Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi) na NDRC (Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura) ku byerekeye ubushake bw’Ubushinwa bwo koroshya ishoramari ry’amahanga (biteganijwe ko inzego z’imari n’ibinyabiziga by’umwihariko zizagirira akamaro kuva muri uku kuruhuka).
• Ubushinwa bumaze igihe buvugurura amategeko y’ishoramari mu mahanga.Nubwo hashyizweho urwego, hashyizweho andi mabwiriza arambuye yukuntu ubutegetsi bushya buzakora neza.
• Ubushinwa bwashimangiye intego yo gukuraho itandukaniro riri hagati y’amasosiyete ashora imari mu mahanga n’amasosiyete yo mu gihugu no guharanira ubutabera no gufatwa kimwe ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa.
• Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, Ubushinwa bwafashe ingamba zihamye ku mbogamizi zitandukanye yashyizeho ku bigo by’abaturage.Iyo ifunguye Hubei, habaye intego nshya yerekeranye no gukenera kwitondera ingaruka ziterwa n’abarwayi badafite ibimenyetso.Irimo gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ikore ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka kandi abayobozi bakuru batanze ibisobanuro baburira abantu bo muri Wuhan n'ahandi gukomeza gufata ingamba.