Izimo zokukhanyisa ezisezingeni eliphansi emakilasini ziyinkinga evamile emhlabeni jikelele.Ukukhanya okubi kubangela ukukhathala kwamehlo kubafundi futhi kuvimbela ukugxilisa ingqondo.Isixazululo esikahle sokukhanyisa ekilasini sivela kubuchwepheshe be-LED, obuwonga amandla, obulungele imvelo, obulungisekayo, futhi obuhlinzeka ngemiphumela emihle ngokusatshalaliswa kokukhanya, ukuxhopha nokunemba kombala - kuyilapho kubhekwa ukukhanya kwelanga kwemvelo.Izixazululo ezinhle zihlala zisekelwe emisebenzini yasekilasini eyenziwa ngabafundi.Amakilasi akhanya kahle angafinyelelwa ngemikhiqizo ethuthukisiwe futhi ekhiqizwa e-Hungary, futhi ukonga ugesi abalethayo kungamboza izindleko zokufakwa kwawo.

Ukunethezeka okubonakalayo okungaphezu kwezindinganiso

I-Standard Institution igunyaza ukuthi izinga elincane lokukhanya emakilasini kufanele libe ngu-500 lux.(Luxiyunithi yokuguquguquka okukhanyayo okusabalele endaweni ethile yendawo efana nedeski lesikole noma ibhodi.Akufanele kudidaniswe neilume,iyunithi ye-flux ekhanyayo ekhishwa umthombo wokukhanya, inani eliboniswa ekufakweni kwesibani.)

Ngokusho konjiniyela, ukuhambisana nezindinganiso kumane kuyisiqalo, futhi izinyathelo kufanele zithathwe ukuze kuzuzwe ukunethezeka okuphelele okubonakalayo ngale kwe-500 lux egunyaziwe.

Ukukhanyisa kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kuhambisane nezidingo ezibukwayo zabasebenzisi, ngakho ukuhlela akufanele kusekelwe kusayizi wekamelo kuphela, kodwa futhi nemisebenzi eyenziwa kulo.Ukuhluleka ukwenza lokho kuzodala ukungakhululeki kubafundi.Bangase babe nokukhathala kwamehlo, bageje imininingwane ebalulekile, futhi ukugxilisa ingqondo kwabo kungase kuphazamiseke, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuthinte ngisho nokusebenza kwabo ekufundeni.

Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uhlela ukukhanyisa ekilasini

Ukucwebezela:emakilasini, inani elijwayelekile le-UGR (Isilinganiselwa Esikhanyayo Esihlanganisiwe) lingu-19. Lingaba phezulu emaphasishi noma ezindlini zokushintshela kodwa kufanele libe ngaphansi emagumbini asetshenziselwa imisebenzi ezwela ukukhanya, njengokudweba kobuchwepheshe.Lapho ukusabalala kwesibani kuba banzi, izinga lokuxhopha libi kakhulu.

Ukufana:ngeshwa, ukuzuza ukukhanya okugunyaziwe kwe-500 lux akuyitsheli yonke indaba.Ephepheni, ungakwazi ukufeza lokhu okuhlosiwe ngokukala u-1000 lux ekhoneni elilodwa lekilasi bese uziro kwelinye kuchaza u-József Bozsik.Ngokufanelekile, nokho, ukukhanya okuncane kunoma iyiphi indawo yegumbi okungenani kungamaphesenti angama-60 noma angama-70 obuningi.Ukukhanya kwemvelo kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe.Ukukhanya kwelanga okukhanyayo kungakhanyisa izincwadi zabafundi abahlezi ngasefasiteleni cishe ngo-2000 lux.Lapho bebheka phezulu ebhodini, elikhanyiswe ngokufiphala okungu-500 lux, bazothola ukukhanya okuxhophayo okuphazamisayo.

Ukunemba kombala:inkomba yokunikeza umbala (CRI) ikala ikhono lomthombo wokukhanya ukuze liveze imibala yangempela yezinto.Ukukhanya kwelanga okungokwemvelo kunenani elingu-100%.Amakilasi kufanele abe ne-CRI ka-80%, ngaphandle kwamagumbi okufundela asetshenziselwa ukudweba, lapho kufanele abe ngu-90%.

Ukukhanya okuqondile nokungaqondile:ukukhanya okulungile kucabangela ingxenye yokukhanya ekhishwa ibheke futhi ibonakale ophahleni.Uma usilingi olumnyama lugwenywa, izindawo ezimbalwa zizofakwa ethunzini, futhi kuzoba lula kubafundi ukuthi babone ubuso noma izimpawu ebhodini.

Ngakho-ke, ukukhanya okuhle kwekilasi kubukeka kanjani?

I-LED:Kunjiniyela wokukhanyisa we-Tungsram, impendulo kuphela eyanelisayo yileyo enikeza ubuchwepheshe bamuva.Iminyaka emihlanu, uncome i-LED kuzo zonke izikole asebenze nazo.Yonga amandla, ayicwayizi, futhi iyakwazi ukufeza lezi zimfanelo ezishiwo ngenhla.Kodwa-ke, izibani ngokwazo kufanele zishintshwe, hhayi nje amashubhu e-fluorescent ngaphakathi kwawo.Ukufaka amashubhu e-LED amasha kuzibani ezindala, ezingasasebenzi kuzogcina kuphela izimo ezingezinhle zokukhanyisa.Ukonga amandla kusengafinyelelwa ngale ndlela, kodwa izinga lokukhanyisa ngeke libe ngcono, njengoba la mashubhu ekuqaleni ayeklanyelwe izitolo ezinkulu namakamelo okugcina.

I-engeli ye-Beam:Amakilasi kufanele afakwe izibani eziningi ezinama-engeli amancane we-beam.Umphumela wokukhanya ongaqondile uzovimbela ukuxhopha kanye nokuvela kwezithunzi eziphazamisayo ezenza ukudweba nokugxilisa ingqondo kube nzima.Ngale ndlela, ukukhanya okuhle kuzogcinwa ekilasini ngisho noma amadeski ehlelwa kabusha, okudingekayo emisebenzini ethile yokufunda.

Isixazululo esilawulekayo:Izibani zivame ukufakwa emaphethelweni amade amakilasi, ahambisana namafasitela.Kulokhu, u-József Bozsik uphakamisa ukuthi kufakwe lokho okubizwa ngokuthi iyunithi yokulawula ye-DALI (I-Digital Addressable Lighting Interface).Ihlanganiswe nenzwa yokukhanya, i-flux izokwehla ezibanini eziseduze namafasitela uma kwenzeka ukukhanya kwelanga elikhanyayo futhi kwandise kude namafasitela.Ngaphezu kwalokho, "izifanekiso zokukhanyisa" ezichazwe ngaphambilini zingakhiwa futhi zimiswe ngokucindezela inkinobho - isibonelo, isifanekiso esimnyama esilungele ukuqopha amavidiyo kanye nesilula esiklanyelwe umsebenzi edeskini noma ebhodini.

Imithunzi:amathunzi okwenziwa, njengama-shutter noma amakhethini kufanele ahlinzekwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusatshalaliswa okulula okulinganayo kulo lonke ikilasi ngisho nasekukhanyeni kwelanga okubenyezelayo, kusikisela unjiniyela wokukhanyisa we-Tungsram.

Isixazululo sokuzixhasa ngezimali

Ungase ucabange ukuthi nakuba ukwenza ukukhanya kwesimanje esikoleni sakho kungase kube usizo ngempela, kubiza kakhulu.Izindaba ezinhle!Ukuthuthukela ku-LED kungaxhaswa ngokonga amandla ezixazululo ezintsha zokukhanyisa.Kumodeli yezezimali ye-ESCO, intengo icishe imbozwe ngokuphelele ukonga amandla ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuncane noma okungekho okudingekayo kokuqala.

Izici ezihlukile okufanele zicatshangelwe kumajimu

Ezindaweni zokuzivocavoca, izinga lokukhanya eliphansi lingama-lux angama-300 kuphela, liphansi kancane kunasemagumbini okufundela.Kodwa-ke, izibani zingashaywa ngamabhola, ngakho-ke imikhiqizo eqinile kufanele ifakwe, noma okungenani kufanele ifakwe ku-grating yokuvikela.Amajimu ngokuvamile anezitezi ezicwebezelayo, ezibonisa ukukhanya okukhishwa amalambu amadala akhipha igesi.Ukuvimbela ukucabangela okuphazamisayo, izitezi ezintsha zokuzivocavoca zenziwe ngepulasitiki noma ziqedwe nge-matte lacquer.Esinye isisombululo singaba i-dimming light diffuser yamalambu e-LED noma okuthiwa yi-asymmetric floodlight.